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Curriculum Insights and Progress Study: Foundation Area - Mathematics 2024 Publications

Publication Details

This report estimates the mathematics achievement of Year 3, 6 and 8 students in English-medium state and state-integrated schools. Students were assessed in early Term 4 2024.

Author(s): The Educational Assessment Research Unit (EARU) at the University of Otago, and the New Zealand Council for Educational research (NZCER). Report for the Ministry of Education.

Date Published: August 2025

Key findings

  • Between 22 and 30 percent of students at each year level reached the provisional benchmark scores with Year 3 at 22%, Year 6 at 30%, and Year 8 at 23%.
  • Table 1 shows the percentage of students meeting end-of-phase curriculum expectations in mathematics at each year level for the 2024 assessments.
Table 1: Mathematics achievement level for Years 3, 6, and 8 (2024)
YearGroup At or above 95% confidence interval Less than one year behind 95% confidence interval More than one year behind 95% confidence interval
3 All 22% (20%, 25%) 35% (33%, 38%) 42% (40%, 45%)
6 All 30% (28%, 33%) 16% (13%, 19%) 53% (51%, 56%)
8 All 23% (20%, 25%) 15% (13%, 18%) 62% (60%, 65%)

Note: Percentages are rounded to whole numbers. Due to rounding, the totals may not equal 100%.

  • To support consistent comparison, the 2023 provisional benchmarks used to report when scores meet curriculum expectations have also been applied to 2024 results.
  • There have been minor shifts of one or two percentage points between the 2023 and 2024 Mathematics results. In 2023, 20% (at Year 3), 28% (at Year 6), and 22% (at Year 8) of students are meeting curriculum expectations. None of these were statistically significant at the 95% confidence level.
  • The box plots in Figure 1 show the spread of student scores at each year level. The box represents the middle 50% of scores, with the line inside showing the median (middle score). The whiskers on either side show the range of scores outside the middle band.

Figure 1: Distribution of student achievement on the 2024 national mathematics assessment, by year level

Figure 1: Distribution of student achievement on the 2024 national mathematics assessment, by year level

  • Students at schools with fewer socio-economic barriers (as measured by the Equity Index, EQI), scored higher, on average, at all year levels.
  • The development and administration of the 2024 Writing and Mathematics assessments have occurred at a time of changes to the curriculum.
  • Overall, students in Year 3 were more positive about learning mathematics and their own mathematical ability than students in later year levels.

About the assessment

The 2024 national mathematics assessment was administered at the beginning of Term 4. The mathematics assessment aimed to evaluate students’ knowledge of important mathematical concepts across number, algebra, geometry, measurement, statistics, and probability.

The assessment was delivered through an online platform using an adaptive algorithm and included both selected response and short-answer questions. Each student answered approximately 30 questions.

The assessment focused on key aspects of mathematics as described in the 2023 draft version of the New Zealand Curriculum.

Selection was random from among state and state-integrated English-medium schools across New Zealand (70 at Year 3, 72 at Year 6, and 70 at Year 8). Around 1500 students were assessed at each year level.

Table 2 shows what students typically demonstrated they could do well (What most can do), the areas where they are still developing (What some can do), and the challenges that lie ahead (What many find challenging).

Table 2: Selected item descriptions that show strengths, areas for development, and next steps, by year level

Year 3 students
What most can do What some can do What many find challenging
  • Following directions on a map
  • Identifying one third of a shape
  • Ordering whole numbers
  • Adding numbers up to 100
  • Solving simple division problems
  • Knowing how many 10s are in a 3-digit number
  • Solving a simple equation
  • Identifying the unit of repeat in a pattern
  • Adding unit fractions with same denominator

Year 6 students
What most can do What some can do What many find challenging
  • Estimating 2-digit multiplication
  • Recognising 2D views of 3D shapes
  • Ordering unit fractions
  • Adding simple decimals with renaming
  • Finding 25% of a 2-digit number
  • Calculating elapsed time
  • Dividing a 3-digit number by a 1-digit number
  • Finding the fraction of a whole number (e.g. 4/5 of 60)
  • Adding/subtracting fractions with mixed numbers

Year 8 students
What most can do What some can do What many find challenging
  • Solving problems with negative numbers
  • Working with basic ratios
  • Identifying the largest decimal number
  • Rotating a shape by a specific angle
  • Formulating a simple linear equation
  • Calculating the perimeter of composite shapes
  • Using the order of operations
  • Adding fractions with unrelated denominators
  • Finding a functional rule for spatial or number patterns


More information is available on the University of Otago website Curriculum Insights and Progress Study.

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  • Curriculum Insights and Progress Study
  • Curriculum Insights and Progress Study:
    Foundation assessments

Downloads

  • 2024 Year 3, 6 and 8 Mathematics (PDF, 317.0 KB)

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